Stainless vs.Non-StainlessSteel
Stainless steel is known for resisting rust and staining, which makes it a smart choice for humid environments and use in marine settings. It’s easy to maintain, staying clean and shiny with minimal effort, and it comes in a variety of compositions that influence the steel’s level of hardness, toughness, and edge retention. The drawbacks to stainless steel are that it’s harder to sharpen than non-stainless, and it can still develop surface stains or discoloration in acidic environments.
Non-stainless steel is more susceptible to rust if not properly cared for. It needs regular cleaning and oiling to hold its shine, and it’s especially quick to rust when exposed to moisture or salt water. But it does have some benefits over stainless: Many non-stainless steels can hold an incredibly sharp edge for extended periods. Non-stainless is usually easier to sharpen than stainless, and in some cases, the patina that develops over time adds a bit of character while enhancing the steel’s corrosion resistance.
The Patina
That patina is the result of oxidation, which stainless metals are far more resistant to. And it all comes down to the amount of chromium in the steel. As we mentioned when introducing you to the primary elements found in blade steel, a blade has to contain at least 10.5% chromium to earn the stainless title—you’ll find at least 18% chromium in most stainless steels. Instead of oxidizing to form a patina, higher levels of chromium react with oxygen to form a thin, invisible oxide layer that shields the steel from corrosion.
Learn more from the USGS